"The rabbis take chillul Hashem so
seriously that they place it in a category of its own when it comes to
repentance. For minor sins, the Talmud explains, “repentance atones”: If
you are genuinely sorry, God will forgive you. For more serious sins,
“repentance suspends punishment and Yom Kippur atones”: Being penitent
will make God hold off punishing you until Yom Kippur, which washes away
the sins of the Jewish people. For still worse sins, which would
ordinarily bring the death penalty, Yom Kippur itself merely suspends
punishment, and only suffering atones. With Desecration of the Name,
however, even suffering doesn’t make up for it: For such a sinner, only
“death absolves him.” You have to pay with your life for this worst of
all sins".
"In the Talmud, One Sin Is Beyond Repentance: Giving God and Jews a Bad Name" by Adam Kirsch
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